A mutual fund is a type of professionally-managed collective
investment vehicle that pools money from many investors to purchase securities.
While there is no legal definition of mutual fund, the term is most commonly
applied only to those collective investment vehicles that are regulated,
available to the general public and open-ended in nature. Hedge funds are not
considered a type of mutual fund.
The term mutual fund is less widely used outside of the
United States. For collective investment vehicles outside of the United States,
see articles on specific types of funds including open-ended investment
companies, SICAVs, unitized insurance funds, unit trusts and Undertakings for
Collective Investment in Transferable Securities.
In the United States, mutual funds must be registered with
the Securities and Exchange Commission, overseen by a board of directors or
board of trustees and managed by a registered investment advisor. They are not
taxed on their income if they comply with certain requirements.